GEOLOGY 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Mid-Ocean Ridge, Continental Crust, Fracture Zone
Document Summary
No change in plate size (no subduction or spreading) Transform faults on the ocean floor connect and offset ridge segments. Active faulting, as indicated by earthquakes, only occurs in the part of the fracture zone between ridge axes. (along tansform faults) A hot spot is an area where a stationary hot spot in the mantle causes local upwelling and melt formation leading to within plate volcanism. Plate moving across surface, volcanic source pushing stuff up. Cations (negative e) (+ charge) tend to be small. Anions (positive e) (- charge) tend to be big. Ionic bond: one where one element donates an electron (cation) and another. Strength of the bond will depend on distance between cations and anions. Packing and bond strength are thus related to sizes of anions. Generally low hardness and sometimes water soluble accepts it (the anion) Covalent: atoms share electrons to fill outer shell. No electrons are acquired or given up.
