BIOL 141 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Metabolic Pathway, Phosphofructokinase, Atp Hydrolysis
24 Dec 2016
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Chapter 8: energy & enzymes: intro to metabolic pathways. Free energy: amount of energy available to do work. 1st law of thermodynamics: energy can"t be created or destroyed; only transformed and transferred. As a molecule travels from the top of a waterfall to the bottom, the energy within transforms from potential to kinetic (thermal, mechanical, sound, etc. ) Electron have the most potential energy at the outermost shells. As it falls towards nucleus, is gain kinetic energy. Enthalpy (h): the total energy in a molecule (usu. heat energy: h: exothermic, + h: endothermic. Entropy (s): amount of disorder: + s: less ordered/more disorganized, 2nd law of thermodynamics: entropy always increases in an isolated system. Temperature and concentration affect reaction rates: higher temperatures and higher concentrations mean more collisions and faster reactions. Section 8. 2: nonspontaneous reactions may be driven by using chemical energy. Energetic coupling allows free energy from an exergonic reaction to be used to drive another (endergonic) reaction.
