BIOL 141 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Selective Breeding, Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology, Evolutionary Pressure
Document Summary
Civil war time, monk in austria, us: cw (1860s) Trying to figure out inheritance, people only know about artificial selection, breed subspecies of dogs. Artificial selection: select a trait you like, find 2 things that have the same trait, breed them! No concept of dna, chromosome, genes, alleles, etc. Most info not discovered until 1910, 1950 (dna structure) Good at math: crosses, count phenotypes of offspring. Backbred true breeding pairs, crossed purple with white plants, eliminated self pollination, would breed artificially, looked at f1 generation, goes from there. Finds that there"s dominance/recessiveness, masked, allele: still in plant, either being masked or just not expressed. Gene: sequence of dna, unit of heritable material, discrete, made up of specific nucleotide sequence. Gene locus: where gene is located on chromosome. Allele: different forms of a gene, alternative to the other alternatives. Gene must be on locus in the same position or its not the same gene.
