BIOL 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Theodor Boveri, Walter Sutton, Stop Codon
Tuesday, January 23, 2018
BIOL142
ā¢What makes us unique? Diļ¬erent versions of genes#
ā¢Instructions are not always available - nucleus is the ļ¬rst line of defense#
ā¢Can instructions be changed - mutations#
What is a gene?#
ā¢Gene: a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to oļ¬spring and is held to
determine some characteristic of the oļ¬spring#
ā¢Technical deļ¬nition: a sequence if nucleotides forming a part of a chromosome, the
order of which determines the order of monomers in a polypeptide or nucleic acid
molecule which a cell may synthesize#
ā¢What does a gene need to function?#
ā¢Carry information/code#
ā¢Regulation - on/oļ¬ switch#
ā¢Withstand errors#
ā¢Mendel - alleles are associated with speciļ¬c traits which are transmitted to oļ¬spring#
ā¢Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton - chromosomes occur in matched pairs which
separate during meiosis. #
ā¢Watson&Crick&Rosalin Franklin - used previous an new observations to model
secondary structures of double stranded DNA#
ā¢Post-transcriptional control: mRNAs can be modiļ¬ed and/or degraded#
ā¢mRNA is read from 5ā-3ā for translation#
ā¢Start codon = AUG#
ā¢Stop codon = UGA, UAA, UAG#
ā¢Redundancy - the code can withstand errors
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