BIOL 142 Lecture 12: 3Apr
Tuesday, April 3, 2018
BIOL 142
•The genome is the genetic material of an organism. It is encoded either in RNA or
DNA. The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences."
•There are approximately 25000 genes in human beings"
•Significantly more segmental duplications (nearly identical, repeated sections of
DNA) than had been suspected"
•At the time when the draft sequence was published fewer than 7% of protein
families appeared to be vertebrate specific"
•In bacteria and archaea, genome size and number of genes increase in a linear
relationship"
•There is no direct relationship between genome site, complexity and number of
genes in eukaryotes"
•Exons constitute 1.5% of the human genome, and repeated sequences are up more
than 50%. In prokaryotic cells, usually 90% of the DNA sequences code for a
product used by the cell."
•Exome - the portion of his DNA that encodes proteins"
•99.9% of genome is shared by two unrelated humans
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