CHEM 142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Boiling Point, Phase Transition, Olm
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7 Jul 2016
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Suppose a pure liquid is placed in an otherwise evacuated container and the container is sealed as in flask a to the right. An equilibrium will be established between the liquid and its vapor (flask b). The vapor pressure of the liquid was measured with a pressure gauge (curve 1). Flask c contains a nonvolatile solute dissolved in the same liquid as in flask a. The vapor pressure of the solution is lower than the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. In an ideal solution, each component obeys raoult"s law. Applied to the component which we"ll simply label as a , raoult"s law is: A is the vapor pressure of pure liquid a and xa is the mole fraction of a: na. Xa = ntotal in solution: if the only two components in the solution are the solvent a and a volatile solute, b , according to. Psoln = pa + pb: now suppose that b is nonvolatile.
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