HLTH 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Carbon Footprint, Oxidative Stress, Gluten
7 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Health 200
T/Th 2:30pm-3:45pm
Lisa DuPree, Jamie Hamblin, Dr. Margaret Harris
Tuesday, 3/27/18
1
Nutrition
• Think about nutrition as a tool to push you towards optimal well-being, and not as a
tightrope
• Diet= what we consume on a daily basis
• Fundamental processes can promote and decrease disease progression
• Study done by Dean Ornish
o Placed a sample of men on a plant-based, whole food, low fat diet, with
moderate exercise, meditation, and participation in a weekly support group
o Found that over 400 genes that can lead to prostate cancer were downregulated
• Diet impacts both individuals and communities
o Ex) Decreased vitamins and minerals increases oxidative stress (a fundamental
process) increased immune cell death increased HIV replication
o increased HIV replication means that it is more likely for the diseases for be to
passed on to others
• People that eat more vegetables and fruits have a decreased risk of: stroke, weight gain,
obesity, CVD, some cancers
o Only requires 1 cup of fruit 1.5 cup of vegetables
• For every 0.5 cup of fruit you decrease your risk of mortality by 6%
• What about plants makes them beneficial
o Macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber, water- need a lot of these)
▪ Carbohydrates: energy
▪ Protein: builds up muscles
▪ Fat- energy, cell walls
▪ Fiber- keeps gut bacteria thriving
o Micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
o Phytonutrients (phenolic acids, flavonoids)
• Phytonutrient: a chemical providing color, flavor or odor to plant and may confer
benefits to an individual
o Antiviral and antimicrobial: limits growth of bacteria and viruses in your body
o Antioxidant: something that combats oxidative stress, we go through oxidative
stress every time we eat
o Anti-inflammatory: many pathways involved in inflammation, and helps decrease
inflammation
o Cytotoxic: things that are lethal to cells, example) chemotherapy
• Plant components
o Roots- store energy (high in carbohydrates), extract nutrients from the soil to
deliver to the rest of the plant (high in minerals)
o Legumes (different kinds of beans)- they fix nitrogen Bactria in the soil and
provide protein, also high in fiber
o Stems- high in fiber, water, micronutrients
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