PSYC 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: White Matter, Fluid Compartments, Fire Hose
27 Jun 2018
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Aristotle and other ancient Greeks thought the brain is to cool the blood
Brain makes up for 2% weight but takes up 20% of metabolic energy
Nervous System is broken down into Peripheral Nervous System and Central Nervous System
Neuron is a single cell of the nervous system. Nerve is a bunch of neurons.
Peripheral Nervous System: nerves - connects the central nervous system to the different parts of the
body
Autonomic controls - self regulated action of internal organs and glands
Somatic controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
Central Nervous System - brain and spinal cord -> composed of interneurons
Dual functions of ANS:
Arousal : waking you up - done by the Sympathetic Nervous System
Returning the body to its resting state: leads to homeostasis (equilibrium) - done by the
Parasympathetic Nervous System (calming)
Wild things: Activates the Sympathetic Nervous System - jumping off a cliff into the water - production
of adrenaline in the body - survival mode
Why do we enjoy scary movies? Why do we eat spicy food? Swing yourself in one direction and then
homeostasis balances it again. Scary movies create adrenaline and we go in this survival mode, and
when we don't die - we get an endorphin high. Catharsis
Glial Cells: The Glue that holds everything together - the babysitters of the brain - hold things together,
organizers
Neurons ~ 10% of your brain
Glial Cells ~ 90% of the brain
Astrocyte - cleanup after the neurons and absorb excess neurotransmitters
Oligodendrocyte - insulators of the CNS, wrapping around the axon and structurally supporting the
neurons place in the bell
Schwann Cells - Insulators of the PNS
Microglia - tiny glia, the CNS' immune system
Types of Neurons:
Sensory: Bring in incoming information from the sensory organs - noticed in the toothpick
experiment - always listening to something, in your eye (photoreceptors), in your hand (pain
receptors) - bring into the CNS
Interneuron - connect to neurons, don't interact with the outside world - make sense of the
inputs - collect, integrate, organize
Motor neuron - are connected to the muscle fibers that perform the action - carry from CNS to
muscles and glands
The Neuron:
Cell body (soma) - nucleus with chromosomes - contains the DNA, cell machines. Surrounded by
dendrites
Dendrites - receive information from other neurons - exploring the space - listening to see if there's a
connection - if there is a interneuron around, lots of connections are taking place
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Aristotle and other ancient greeks thought the brain is to cool the blood. Brain makes up for 2% weight but takes up 20% of metabolic energy. Nervous system is broken down into peripheral nervous system and central nervous system. Neuron is a single cell of the nervous system. Peripheral nervous system: nerves - connects the central nervous system to the different parts of the body. Autonomic controls - self regulated action of internal organs and glands. Central nervous system - brain and spinal cord -> composed of interneurons. Arousal : waking you up - done by the sympathetic nervous system. Returning the body to its resting state: leads to homeostasis (equilibrium) - done by the. Wild things: activates the sympathetic nervous system - jumping off a cliff into the water - production of adrenaline in the body - survival mode. Swing yourself in one direction and then homeostasis balances it again.
