ENVI 399 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Synthetic Rubber, Natural Rubber, Container Glass
Sustainability
The endurance of systems and processes, and sustainable development
3 Interconnected domains:
Environment, economics and society
Plastics
-High strength, low weight, colorful
-Excellent functionality
-Low production cost
-1/4 used for packaging
-Increased 20 fold in the past 50 years
-14% of packaging is collected for recycling
-Biodegradable plastics are being utilized now
Rubber
-Natural and Synthetic rubber
-90% of all natural rubber comes from these trees in the rubber plantations of Indonesia
-Rubber recovery is difficult
-We should recycle rubber (tires)
Metals
Steel, Aluminum and copper are the most common
-Recycling rates are as follows
Steel>Aluminum>Copper
Steel is commonly used for
Construction
Aluminum is commonly used for
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Transportation
Copper is commonly used for
Electrical
Glass
-Glass can be recycled at high rates
-Over a ton of natural resources are saved for every ton of glass recycled
-One ton of carbon dioxide is reduced for every six tons of recycled container glass used in the
manufacturing process
Wood
-Wood product: construction and fuel
-Wood recycling: low
-An area roughly equivalent of the size of Greece of the worlds forests are cut down and converted to
other land uses every year
Bamboo **Professors focus
-A grass
-All over the world
-Grows very fast
-Recycling rate: low
Fiber reinforced composites are used for
Automotive
Ideal Gas Constant (R)
8.31 J/mole*C
Avogadro's Number (NA)
6.022x10^23 /mole
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Boltzmann's Constant (K=R/NA)
1.38x10^-23 J/C
Gravitational Acceleration (g)
9.8 m/s^2
List all temperature conversion equations
T(F) = 1.8T(C) + 32
T(C) = [T(F) - 32] / 1.8
T(K) = T(C) + 273.16
Why is Kelvin scale also called the "Absolute" temperature scale?
Because 0K is "absolute zero", where the kinetic energy of a molecule is zero
At room temperature, almost all of the elements are _________.
Solids
Mass
Commonly expressed in grams, kilograms or pounds
Weight
The weight of an object is the product of its mass and the acceleration of gravity
W=mg
Force
Force is the product of mass times acceleration which is usually expresed in Newtons
1 Newton = ?
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