BSC 1010C Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Synaptonemal Complex, Meiosis, Fertilisation
Document Summary
Gametes(egg and sperm) are haploid cells, which contains 1 set of all chromosomes. Somatic cells: non-reproductive cells that contain 4 chromosomes. Sexual life cycles have both haploid and diploid stages. Two sets of chromosomes are present in somatic cells(diploid) One set of chromosomes is present in gametes(haploid) Germ-line cells are set aside early in animal development. Germ-line cells: cells that eventually will form haploid gametes by meiosis. Meiosis in a diploid organism consists of 2 rounds of division: meiosis i, and meiosis ii, with each round containing prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase stages. Meiosis ii is like mitosis without the replication of dna. Aneuploid gametes: one gamete with no chromosome and another gamete with two copies of a chromosome. Centromeres of sister chromatids remain connected through meiosis i. Sister kinetochores are attached to the same pole during meiosis i. Meiosis: form of cell division that leads to the production of gametes. Homologous chromosomes: pairs of chromosomes in diploid organisms.