CPO-2002 Lecture 4: Lecture 4
Document Summary
Combining method of agreement and method of difference: I(cid:374) o(cid:396)de(cid:396) to d(cid:396)a(cid:449) (cid:448)alid i(cid:374)fe(cid:396)e(cid:374)(cid:272)es f(cid:396)o(cid:373) mill"s methods, se(cid:448)e(cid:396)al assu(cid:373)ptio(cid:374)s must (cid:271)e (cid:373)et. Wealth is not a sufficient condition for democracy. Ethnic homogeneity is neither necessary nor sufficient for democracy. A multiparty system is not necessary for democracy. A parliamentary system is not necessary for democracy. **many believe that these assumptions are almost always impossible to satisfy in the social sciences. A deterministic cause is one that always leads to the specific outcome. You can reject a cause after one counterexample if you assume a deterministic theory. Problem: probabilistic theories are likely to be better than deterministic theories. A probabilistic cause is one that influences the probability of a specific outcome. Assumption 2: casual factors must be independent of each other. An interaction effect occurs when the effect of one variable depends on the value of another variable. Problem: there are often interactions in the real world.
