PSB-2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ependyma, Schwann Cell, Neuroglia
Document Summary
Nervous system composed of two major categories of cells - glia and neurons. Support neurons - evidence of glial communication, they can interact like neurons. Central nervous system subtypes - ependymal, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, Microglia and satellite cells - immune system. Ependymal cells - involved in the production of csf. Located in the ventricles of the brain, carries nutrients into the brain while carrying waste out. Astrocytes - star shaped glial cells that provide structural support, but also interact with neurons. Dilate blood vessels in active regions of the brain. A single myelin segment, can help guide axonal regeneration after damage. Specialized cells for the reception, conduction, and transmission of electrochemical signals. Morphology reflects functions - the type of category (number of poles) determines what function the neuron has. Dendrites - branches that come off the soma. Axon hillock - start of the axon. Myelin - speeds up synaptic transmission, provides insulation. Nodes of ranvier - spaces between myelin.
