ECON 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Comparative Advantage, Economic Surplus, Import Quota

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8 Jul 2020

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Example: the market for textiles in a country called isoland. If there is no trade, the domestic price in the textile market will balance supply and demand. The first issue to decide whether isoland should import or export textiles. The answer depends on the relative price of textiles in. Isoland compared with the price of the textiles in other countries. Def: world price the price that prevails in the world market for the good. If the world price is greater than the domestic price, isoland should export textiles; if the world price is lower than the domestic price, Isoland would only be able to export if they have a comparative advantage over the world production. The gains and losses of an exporting country. If the world price is higher than the domestic price, isoland will export textiles. Once free-trade begins, the domestic price for textiles will rise to the world price.

Related Questions

Q2. (35 points) The following table shows the output of textile and auto one unit of labor can produce in the U.K. and the U.S.:

	Textiles	Autos
United Kingdom	16	4
United States	6	3

A)Which country has an absolute advantage in textiles and which country has an absolute advantage in autos?

B)What is the autarky price ratio of autos relative to textiles in each country?

C)Which country has a comparative advantage in textiles and which country has a comparative advantage in autos?

D)Which product should each country export?

E)Suppose the United States has 300 units of labor available. Construct the production-possibilities frontier (PPF) and identify the optimal autarky equilibrium (using an indifference curve) for the United States.

F)Suppose the international price is set at 1 auto:3 units of textile and the U.S. decides to completely specialize at producing the product in which it has a comparative advantage. How would the above graph change? Use the graph to show the gains from trade and the export and import quantities. For each unit of export good, how much does the U.S. gain (measured in terms of the other good)?

G)Discussion: At what level of international price ratio will all the benefits from trade accrue to the United States?

Your answer:

raspberrymole776

Question 1

In 2003, the ________ ruled that U.S. tariffs on steel imported from the EU were unfair and allowed the EU to issue retaliatory tariffs on U.S. products.

World Trade Organization

United Nations

European Central Bank

International Human Rights Commission

Question 2

The idea of the U.S.-Canadian Free-Trade Agreement that ________ barriers to trade including tariffs and quotas between the United States and Canada by 1998 was to increase the amount that the United States exports to Canada and the amount that the United States imports from Canada.

increased all

removed some

removed all

increased some

Question 3

According to the theory of comparative advantage, a country should specialize and ________ goods with ________ opportunity cost.

import; the lowest

import; negative

export; the lowest

export; the highest

Question 4

A quota is a restriction on imports.

True

False

Question 5

If Holland decreases subsidies to its tulip growers, the price of tulips in the United States will rise.

True

False

Question 6

According to comparative advantage, trade between two countries allows ________ of the trading countries to use its resources most efficiently.

only the smaller

only the larger

neither

each

Question 7

________ U.S. president(s) who has/have held office since GATT was signed has argued for free-trade policies, yet each one has used his powers to protect various sectors of the economy.

Only one

No

Every

Only 3

Question 8

In 1991, the European Union began the process of forming the

		largest free-trade zone in the world.
		only continental military force in the world.
		first international trade agreement in the world.
		first unified currency in the world.

Question 9
1. The Smoot-Hawley tariff set off an international trade war in the
  
  1930s.
  
  1950s.
  
  1970s.
  
  1990s.
  
  Please help me with these questions Thank you.

magentadeer293

Explain how the United States, being a large economy with an abundance of natural resources, labor, and capital, can benefit by not being in autarky. It was shown in the video that the United States had the comparative advantage in burgers. Using the table below, show and explain how Mexico has the comparative advantage in phones. From your answer in the previous question, what is the opportunity cost of burgers for the United States, i.e. how many burgers must the United States give up to produce one phone? What would be an agreeable terms of trade for 1 phone? At the end of the video, a supply and demand graph of the phone market for both countries was shown. Explain why Mexico exported phones to the United States. Suppose, the market for burgers was shown rather than the market for phones in the supply and demand graphs. For the United States to export burgers and Mexico to import burgers, what would world price need to be. in each country, relative to the domestic price? Lastly, explain what a tariff is and the effect it can have on burger imports for Mexico.

ECON 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Comparative Advantage, Economic Surplus, Import Quota

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