ANTH 383 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Processual Archaeology, Marxist Archaeology, Archaeological Culture
Document Summary
Should be clear and comprehensible, rows are cases/items, columns are variables. Often put archaeological data in a frequency table. Bivariate frequency tables/two-way contingency tables, show two variables. If the variable of interest is continuous we usually use a grouped frequency table usually to explore their possible relationship. Sometimes you get empty cells leading to groups being combined to prevent this, but it"s not a problem in spss. Marginal totals, are totals of columns and rows, table totals, shows how many items/cases there are. Argue that theories are dependent on how investigators answer questions about causation, free will, and general principles. Causation: people tend to stress material, symbolic, or political factors, different ideas about what causes change. Rappaport"s hypothesis about the pigs is an example of a materialist analysis as far as causation goes, the materialist being the etic perspective and the symbolic the emic. Marxist approaches stress economic/political causes but since ideology is also important marxist approaches are rarely monocausal.
