CHEM-002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Cella, Oxidation State, Electrochemistry
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25 Mar 2017
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Cells often need to perform reactions that are not spontaneous for example, tying amino acids together to make proteins. Sometimes a cell will combine a non-spontaneous reaction with a spontaneous reaction. The most common spontaneous reaction is that atp splits and this provides the energy for the non- spontaneous reaction so that can actually happen. When there is oxidation there must be reduction because electrons have to go somewhere. To understand electrochemistry, we need to be able to keep track of electrons, which we do by assigning oxidation numbers. The higher the oxidation number, the fewer electrons the atom has. There are a bunch of rules that control this, and you have to prioritize them to figure out what to do. Sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral molecule must be equal to zero. Flouride has an oxidation number of -1. Alkali atoms get an oxidation number of -1.
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