BIOL 4015 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Caspase, Nuclear Membrane, Apoptosis
Document Summary
Exam 1 will not cover chapter 7 but will cover chapters 1 6. Apoptosis: programmed cell death mild convolution chromatin condensation, breakdown of nuclear envelope, dna ladder, proteolysis of target proteins cleavage of chromatin blebbing phagocytosis of apoptotic body, no damage to surrounding cells. Necrosis: cell swells holes appear on plasma membrane cells burst release intracellular materials, damage surrounding cells inflammation. Extrinsic path on left; intrinsic path on right. Executioners of apoptosis: caspases: family of cysteine proteases (cys at catalytic site, digest substrate proteins at c terminal of asp residue, made as procaspases caspase cascade, destruction proteins, effectors of apoptosis. Initiator caspases (2, 8, 9, 10: cleaves and activates itself, activates effector caspases by cleaving inactive pro forms, effector caspases (3, 6, 7, cleaves other protein substrates for apoptosis, such as nuclear lamins, apoptosome caspase activation machinery. Initial caspases activation cyt c release apoptosome formation.
