ANTH 2020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Incest Taboo, Enculturation, Edward Burnett Tylor
8 Jan 2018
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The concept of culture and ethnographic methods: culture: omnipresent and elusive. Fi(cid:396)st fo(cid:396)(cid:373)al defi(cid:374)itio(cid:374): (cid:862)that (cid:272)o(cid:373)ple(cid:454) (cid:449)hole, (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h i(cid:374)(cid:272)ludes k(cid:374)o(cid:449)ledge, (cid:271)eliefs, a(cid:396)ts, morals, laws, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of so(cid:272)iet(cid:455). (cid:863) e. b. Other parts of the world: make as much noise as you can; some people will higher professionals to cry at the funeral. Some people in different cultures spend their entire lives planning the party of their death: all (cid:272)ultu(cid:396)es a(cid:396)(cid:271)it(cid:396)a(cid:396)il(cid:455) defi(cid:374)e (cid:272)e(cid:396)tai(cid:374) thi(cid:374)gs as (cid:862)(cid:374)atu(cid:396)al(cid:863, culture is learned (and often invisible) E(cid:374)(cid:272)ultu(cid:396)atio(cid:374): the p(cid:396)o(cid:272)ess of lea(cid:396)(cid:374)i(cid:374)g o(cid:374)e"s (cid:272)ultu(cid:396)e (cid:894)so(cid:272)ialization); happens before birth (gender, sex, race, religion, social class, name) Cultural norms, rules, and values (gay marriage before it was legal) Does (cid:374)ot (cid:373)ea(cid:374) e(cid:448)e(cid:396)(cid:455)o(cid:374)e is (cid:862)the sa(cid:373)e(cid:863) A(cid:272)(cid:272)epta(cid:374)(cid:272)e/k(cid:374)o(cid:449)ledge of (cid:862)the (cid:396)ules(cid:863) a(cid:374)d e(cid:448)e(cid:374) as(cid:455)(cid:373)(cid:373)et(cid:396)ies (cid:894)p(cid:396)i(cid:448)ileged k(cid:374)o(cid:449)ledge, po(cid:449)e(cid:396), etc. ) Cultural: universalities: shared with all cultures (kinship, incest taboo, smiling, generalities: majority of cultures, but not all (marriage, binary gender)
