ACC 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Accounting Information System, Retained Earnings, Trial Balance

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A balance sheet is prepared using an adjusted trial balance and a statement of. The statement of retained earnings is prepared using an adjusted trial balance and an income statement. Net income is not reported in balance sheet. Cash-basis accounting- revenue is recorded when cash is received, regardless of when it is earned. Ties recognition of revenues/expenses to exchange of cash. Not commonly used b/c does not reflect all assets/liabilities at a particular date. Accrual-basis accounting- revenues recorded when earned/expenses are matched o o to the periods where they help produce revenue o. Revenue recognition principle- determines when revenue is recorded/reported. Both conditions must be met to record revenue. Revenue is recorded regardless of when cash is received. Expense recognition (matching) principle- cost of assets used/liabilities created in operation of business o. Expenses required to be recorded in same period as the revenue it helped generated. Excludes costs used to earn revenue in an earlier/later period.

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