HSC 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Hydroxyzine, Gastric Lavage
Chapter 5- the Integumentary System
Acne
oInflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and the hair follicles; pimples
Alopecia
oAbsence or loss of hair, especially of the head; baldness; alopecia areata is loss of
hair in defined patches usually involving the scalp.
oMale pattern alopecia begins in the frontal area and proceeds until unly a
horseshoe area of the hair remains in he back temples
A- :without, lack of
Lopec: fox mange
-ia: condition
Anhidrosis
oThe prefix “an” means without or lack of. This prefix is used frequently.
oAbnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating.
May be congenital or disease related, generalized or localized, temporary or
permanent
An-: without, lack of
Hidr: sweat
-osis: condition
Autograft
oExample: a piece of bone is taken from one part of the body and fused to
another bone.
Graft taken from one part of the patients body and transferred to
another part of that same patient
Auto-: self
-graft: pencil, grafting knife
Avulsion
oProcess of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as finger or
toe
A-: away from
Vuls: to pull
-ion: process
Basal Cell Carcinoma
oOne of three types of skin cancer
oEpithelial malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastasizes. It usually begins
as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central
depression
Carcin: cancer
-oma: tumor
Boil
oNot a medical term & do not use; Medical Term is Furuncle. See “furuncle” at
end of definition.
oAcute, infected, painful nodule formed in the subcutaneous layers of the skin,
gland, or hair follicle’ most often caused by the invasion of staphylococci;
furuncle
Bulla
oLarge bliter; a bleb
Burn
oInjury to tissue caused by heat, fire, chemical agents, electricity, lightening, or
radiation; classified according to degree or depth of skin damage
oThree major types of burns (p. 97):
st degree like a sun burn;
2nd degree usually has blistering with 1st degree around perimeter; and,
3rd degree has damage to nerves & blood vessels & may have 1st and 2nd
degree burns also.
Candidiasis
oInfection of the skin or mucous membranes with any species of Candida but
chiefly Candida albicans. Candida is a genus of yeasts
Carbuncle
oInfection of the subcutaneous tissue, usually composed of a cluster of boils
oCollection of several Furuncles.
Cellulitis
oAn acute, diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized
by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
Cellul: little cell
-itis: inflammation
Cicatrix
oMed Term for “scar”.
oScar left after healing of a wound
Corn
oCondition of horny induration and thickening of the skin that may be soft or hard
depending on location
oCaused by pressure, fiction, or both from ill-fitting shoes
Cryosurgery
oTechnique of using subfreezing temperature (usually with liquid nitrogen) to
produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction
Cyst
oClosed sac that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material
Debridement
oRemoval of dead or damaged tissue such as “Wound Debridement”.
oRemoval of foreign material or damaged or dead tissue, especially in a wound. It
is used to promote healing and to prevent infection
Decubitus Ulcer
oExample: due to pressure on boney prominences of patients who are bedridden
or chair-bound;
o-Nursing homes are closely monitored by the Illinois Department of Public Health
for the number of patients who have decubitus ulcers. The severity of the ulcers
is monitored also. Common areas for decubitus ulcers are heels, elbows, coccyx,
and head.
oAn area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broke down. Also known as a
bedsore or pressure ulcer. The literal meaning of the word decubitus is a lying
down
De-: down
Cubit: to lie
-us pertaining to
Dehiscence
oIn dehiscence, the skin separates as shown in the textbook.
oThe physician may re-suture the incision or staple the skin closed.
oA different medical term is used when the suture line opens through the skin and
the muscles, thus exposing the intestines and peritoneal area…this is a medical
emergency. The medical term is evisceration…you will not be tested on
evisceration.
Dermatitis
oInflammation of the skin
Dermat: skin
-itis: inflammation
Dermatologist
oPhysician who specializes in the study of the skin
Dermat/o: skin
Log: study of
-ist: one who specializes
Dermatology
oAbbreviation: Derm
oStudy of skin
Dermat/o: skin
-logy: study of
Dermatome
oSurgical instrument used to cut the skin for grafting
Derm/a: skin
-tome: instrument to cut
Document Summary
Chapter 5- the integumentary system: inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and the hair follicles; pimples. Anhidrosis: the prefix an means without or lack of. This prefix is used frequently: abnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating. May be congenital or disease related, generalized or localized, temporary or permanent. Autograft: example: a piece of bone is taken from one part of the body and fused to another bone. Graft taken from one part of the patients body and transferred to another part of that same patient. Avulsion: process of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as finger or toe. Basal cell carcinoma: one of three types of skin cancer, epithelial malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastasizes. It usually begins as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central depression.
