BIO 11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: T Helper Cell, Cytotoxic T Cell, Interleukin 2
Document Summary
Know how antibodies are formed and how antibodies perform the defense of getting rid of the antigen. Mature b cells turn into plasma cells. Igg - shape of y, most abundant, 80%, can cross the placenta, bacteria, toxins. Ige - y shaped, attach to surface of basophils, important for allergic reactions. Igd - y shaped, increases response to any antigen in extracellular fluid, increases activation of b cells. Igm - snowflake shaped, 5 ys connected, true 1st round of immunoglobins seen. Anti a and anti b antibodies are example. Iga - 2 ys and bump in between, mucos, tears, and saliva, glandular secretions, less specific, catch foreign invaders before it affects body. Epitopes - antigenic determinants, group of amino acids that distinguish it from next cell. Macrophages contain invader, do not denature it. Class 1 - used to be yours, but accidently changed and are abnormal now. Natural killer and cytotoxic t cells attracted to this and kill those cells.
