CHEM-C 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Alkaline Earth Metal, Alkali Metal, Oxidation State
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If bonding between two identical atoms, divide electrons equally: shortcut method, oxidation numbers are assigned to elements using these rules, rule 1: the oxidation number of an element in its free state is zero-for example, al(s) or zn(s). The sum of all oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge on the ion. Chlorine, bromine, and iodine usually have an oxidation number of -1, unless they"re in combination with an oxygen or fluorine: rule 6: the oxidation state of hydrogen in a compound is usually +1. If the hydrogen is part of a binary metal hydride, then the oxidation state of hydrogen is -1: rule 7: the oxidation number of oxygen in a compound is usually -2. If, however, the oxygen is in a class of compounds called peroxides, then the oxygen has an oxidation number of -1. If the oxygen is bonded to fluorine, the number is +1.
