PSYC 350 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Thiamine, Blood Alcohol Content, Cirrhosis
13 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Dsm-iv has two separate categories of substance use disorders: substance dependence, what we typically think of as addiction , use is frequent, interferes with functioning, but they can"t stop using. Involves physiological dependence, withdrawal symptoms: substance abuse, less severe than dependence, use is typically sporadic, but causes functional impairment. Lifetime prevalence of substance-related diagnoses: nicotine 24, alcohol 14% (20% male; 8% female) It affects 3 major neurotransmitters: glutamate, gaba, dopamine: reduces rate of neural firing in frontal cortex, cerebellum (glutamate & gaba, effects vary by blood alcohol concentration: Increases rate of dopamine activity, especially in brain"s reward centers. 20% decidedly intoxicated; severe motor & sensory deficits. Alcohol dependence subtypes: type i versus type ii. Type i = socially anxious, drinking to self-medicate. Treatments for alcohol use problems: 10% of those with problems enter treatment per year, 50% dropout rate, 30% of completers recovered at 1-year follow-up (abstinent, among alcohol abusers, high spontaneous recovery rate.
