ANTH 1001 Lecture : Anth 1001 Notes 3
Document Summary
Homologous chromosomes- have the same sequence of genes. Centromere- constricted portion of a chromosome that temporarily two chromatids. Results of mitosis: 2 daughter cells are produced; each cell has the diploid chromosome number. Def. - diploid- full complement of chromosomes: both daughter cells are genetically identical with parent cell and with one another. Ultimate function- production of genetically identical body cells. Meiosis: sex cells are produced, function-production of sex cells to transmit genetic material to offspring. Crossing over (recombination)- exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. Prophase i- homologous chromosomes synapse; crossing over (recombination) between homologous chromosomes. Metaphase i- homologous chromosomes remained paired; non-homologous chromosomes align independently from one another. Metaphase ii- chromosomes align in central part of the cell; alignment of chromosomes is independent to one another. Telophase ii- both cells divide making four cells. 4 haploid different exact genetic duplication virtually infinite genetic variability.
