BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Nuclear Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Endomembrane System

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29 Sep 2016

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Based on these observations please indicate whether the following statement about this reaction is true or false. The products of this reaction are more organized than the reactants: t, based on the observations of the chemical reaction in the question above indicate whether the following statement is true or false. The products would be contain less heat energy than the reactant: f, based on the observations of the chemical reaction in the question above indicate whether the following statement is true or false. This reaction will be spontaneous: f, a spontaneous reaction occurring at 250k and with a 2. 0kcal decrease in entropy can have which of the following changes in enthalpy? a. 600kcal: how can one increase the rate of a chemical reaction, add a catalyst, which of the following represents the activation energy of this reaction when it is enzyme catalyzed? a.

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For each of the following statements indicate if the statement is true or false. If it is false, explain why.

a) T or F Exergonic reactions always give off heat.

b) T or F Enzymes reduce the amount of energy released by an exergonic reaction.

c) T or F Enzymes are highly specific catalysts and will act only on a single kind of molecule.

d) T or F Entropy always increases.

e) T or F When ADP is converted to ATP, energy is given off in a form the cell can use to drive endergonic reactions.

f) T or F Coenzymes participate in reaction performed by enzymes, being chemically modified in the process. They are then rapidly recycled.

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Which of the following is FALSE with respect to coupledreactions?

	they occur in ALL cells (bacteria, plants, animals, etc.)
	enzymes are typically involved
	endergonic reactions power exergonic reactions
	the coupled reaction has a ?G value that is negative
	none of the above (i.e., all of the above are TRUE)

Which of the following reactions is LEAST likely to bespontaneous? One with a:

	very large increase in entropy and a very large decrease inenthalpy
	very large increase in entropy and a very small increase inenthalpy
	very small decrease in entropy and a very large decrease inenthalpy
	very small increase in entropy and a very small decrease inenthalpy
	very small decrease in entropy and a very small increase inenthalpy

Energy of activation refers to the:

A)	?G of a reaction
B)	difference in energy between the transition state and theproduct
C)	difference in energy between substrate and product
D)	net change in free energy
E)	energy input needed to reach the transition state

Homeostasis refers to maintaining a relatively constantenvironment, and is achieved to a large extent by how enzymes areregulated. For example, when the end product of a pathway regulatesan enzyme that acts early in the same pathway, the effect is mostoften:

	stimulation if an anabolic pathway, and inhibition if acatabolic pathway
	inhibition if an anabolic pathway, and stimulation if acatabolic pathway
	stimulation, whether an anabolic or catabolic pathway
	inhibition, whether an anabolic or catabolic pathway

Enzymes function by:

	decreasing the free energy level of the reactants
	decreasing the free energy level of the transition state
	increasing the free energy level of the reactants
	changing delta G from positive to negative
	changing delta G from negative to positive
	increasing the free energy level of the products
	decreasing the free energy level of the products

6.	When carbohydrates are oxidized, the C

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3. You are investigating an enzymatic reaction involved in the biosynthesis of an amino acid. Based on your knowledge of biosynthetic pathways, which of the following properties would you NOT expect to apply to the reaction? a. The reaction by itself will likely have positive deltaG. b. The reaction will be classified as spontaneous. c. This reaction may require coupling to ATP hydrolysis to proceed. d. The reaction is part of anabolism. e. In an energy diagram, the products of this reaction will be at a higher energetic level than the substrates.

4. Which of the following statements about reactions classified as spontaneous is NOT true? a. In a thermodynamic sense, the reaction has the capacity to proceed. b. This reaction will release energy. c. The activation energy barrier in this reaction is required to keep the reaction products stable. d. Energy needs to be added to this reaction to overcome the activation energy barrier. e. The reaction will have an overall negative change of Gibbs free energy.

5. Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is NOT true? a. Without the input of light energy, photosynthesis is an endergonic process. b. The final step of the photosynthetic electron transport chain leads to the production of oxygen from water. c. During photosynthesis, ATP is produced using ATP synthase. d. Photosynthesis creates a proton gradient. e. During photosynthesis, the dark reactions lead to the production of glucose.

BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Nuclear Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Endomembrane System

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