BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dna Replication, Interphase, Cytokinesis

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S: stands for the synthesis of dna replication. Chromosome structure: dna and histone proteins, during interphase: relaxed, extended, during cell division: condensed, supercoiled, chromosomes can be un-replicated 1 molecule of dna, chromosomes can be replicated 2 identical molecules of dna held together. A cell in g2 of interphase will have how much dna compared to the same cell when it was in g1 interphase: twice as many. A cell in g2 of interphase will have how many chromosomes compared to the same cell when it was in g1 interphase: same amount; same # of chromosomes; different # of dna. Division of the cytoplasm: cytokinesis: mitosis. A cell in anaphase of mitosis will have many chromosomes compared to that same cell when it was in g1 of interphase: twice as many. A cell in anaphase of mitosis will have how much dna compared to that same cell when it was in. Prophase: centromere is attached to spindle fibers.

Related Questions

Each chromosome consists of only one centromere, but during certain times in the cell cycle could consist of two DNA molecules (sister chromatids). If a cell in G1 of interphase has 14 chromosomes, answer the following questions:

1. In G2 of interphase how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

2. In G2 of interphase how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

3. After teleophase I of meiosis how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

4. After teleophase I of meiosis how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

5. After cytokinesis of mitosis how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

6. After cytokinesis of meiosis II how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

A. 14

B. 42

C. 28

D. 7

E. 56

Match the term with its correct definition or explanation.

Chromatin

Homologous Chromosomes

Sister chromatids

Diploid

Interphase

S Phase

Synapsis

Crossing Over

Cell Plate

Cleavage Furrow

A. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.

B. The pairing or tight association of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I. Results in the formation of a tetrad.

C. Non-identical copies of the same chromosome. Present in all diploid cells, even before replication. These chromosomes are the same length and contain genes for the same characteristics, but may have different alleles for each gene. D.

The period of the cell cycle that includes G1, S phase, and G2. E. A structure that develops during cytokinesis in plants.

F. Condensed chromosomes.

G. An invagination that develops during cytokinesis in animal cells.

H. When an organism has two copies of every chromosome (2n).

I. Two identical copies of a chromosome. These are only present after DNA replication.

J. The phase of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated.

M2A1 Worksheet: Mitosis and Meiosis

A dog is a diploid organisms and has 39 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 78), where n = 39 chromosomes from each parent. Use this example to answer the following question regarding chromosomal number.

INTERPHASE

How many chromosomes are present in the somatic cell?

What do they look like?

What are they âdoingâ in G1 of this phase?

What is happening in the S phase?

What is happening in the G2 phase?

What follows G2 phase in a somatic cell?

What follows G2 phase in a gamete cell?

MITOSIS

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in the daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in the daughter cell.

How many daughter cells are produced?

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?

How many cell divisions take place?

In what type of cell does this division occur?

Meiosis 1:

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis 1?

Meiosis II:

Number of chromosomes in the âparentâ cell (which is a daughter cell from Meiosis I).

Number of chromatids in the âparentâ cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis II?

Which phase or phases of Meiosis account for the genetic variability among the daughter cells? Howâ¦ what happens in this phase to create the diversity?

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosisâ¦..

How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Are they diploid or Haploid?

Cell structures and function: Match each organelle to its function:

Organelle Function

Lysosome 1. Lipid synthesis

Rough ER 2. Houses DNA

Nucleus 3. Energy extraction

Smooth ER 4. Dismantles debris

Golgi apparatus 5. detoxification

Mitochondria 6. Protein synthesis

Peroxisome 7. Processes secretions

What is the function of checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle?

How can all of a personâs cells contain exactly the same genetic material, yet specialize as bone cells, nerve cells, muscle cells and connective tissues?

What are the 3 primary germ layers?

Briefly, in one or two sentences, distinguish between

a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell

interphase and mitosis

mitosis and apoptosis

an autosome and a sex chromosome

homologous pair of chromosomes and a sister chromatid

centromere and centriole

chromosome and chromatid

monozygotic and dizygotic twins

allele and gene

BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dna Replication, Interphase, Cytokinesis

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