BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Hydrogen Bond, Pentose, Polynucleotide
Document Summary
10 yrs ago the first person sequenced all of the nucleotides within his genome. Helped discover mutations, looked at sequence of nucleotides: nucleotide structure: 3 parts. Phosphate group- will eventually interact with carbon on pentose sugar to. Nitrogenous base (1 of 4)- depending on which base is found here, you will get connect. A, g, t, or c: the 4 nucleotides. G- guanine: structure of nucleotide strand. 5 prime to 3 prime- numbering of carbons within the structure- how dna is read. Directionality is important- dna is read by enzymes in one specific direction. When going from single stranded to double stranded dna, must read in opposite direction: base pairing in dna. Chargaff"s rule: a pairs with t (2 hydrogen bonds); g pairs with c (3 hydrogen bonds- stronger bond) Hydrogen bonding between nucleotides- weak electrostatic bonds: watson-crick model of dna. Complementary base pairs hold the two together. Complementary strands run in opposite directions: x-ray diffraction of dna.