BIOL 2051 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Thioglycolate Broth, Micrococcus Luteus, Anaerobic Respiration
29 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Elements essential for all microorganisms and percent of cell dry weight: Elements required in fairly large amounts bases: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium. Carbon needed to make organic compounds such as amino acids, fatty acids, sugars, and nitrogenase. Make carbon molecules by co2 fixation: calvin-benson cycle, reverse citric acid pathway, hydroxypropionate pathway, acetyl-coa pathway. Use part of the same pathways to make carbon molecules as autotrophs but with different entry into pathways. Many chemoorganotrophs, some phototrophs, and chemolithotrophs (mixotrophic) Calvin-benson cycle occurs in the chloroplast stroma of photoautotrophic eukaryotes and carboxysomes of autotrophic prokaryotes. Rubisco catalyzes the reaction of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate plus carbon dioxide to get 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. Various sugar rearrangements = hexose sugars or storage polymers like glycogen or starch. Acetogens (chemoorganotrophs) like clostridium aceticum use the acetyl-coa pathway (acetogenesis) for autotrophic growth.
