BIOL 2051 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Eosin, Staphylococcus, Halobacterium Salinarum
Document Summary
Chapter outline: nutritional requirements of microorganisms, factors affecting microbial growth, growing microorganisms in the laboratory, measuring microbial population growth, eliminating microbes and preventing their growth. Nutritional requirements of microorganisms: what do microorganisms generally need to grow? a. i. Drives ions into and out of cells to create an electron potential a. iii. 2. Used to create atp: acquisition of nutrients b. i. Carbon- large amount needed by cells to form organic compounds (amino acids, fatty acids, sugars, & nucleic acids) to carry out cellular functions. b. ii. Autotrophs- assimilate carbon from inorganic sources; can use co2 as sole carbon source b. iii. Heterotrophs- assimilates carbon in preexisting organic form; must have organic compounds. (most prokaryotes) b. iv. Nitrogen- needed by cells for amino acids, nucleic acids & several other cell constituents. b. iv. 1. b. v. nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes- capable of using atmospheric nitrogen gas as sole nitrogen source by converting it to ammonium (nitrogenase) b. vi. Most prokaryotes obtain nitrogen from compounds such as ammonia & nitrate.
