GEOL 1602 Lecture : Geology 1602 Notes Spring 2014
Document Summary
Detrital: material that composes sediments may be rock fragments, mineral fragments, organic matter, or the shells of ancient marine creatures, these materials may be transported by moving water or wind to places where the sediment accumulates. The process of forming solid sedimentary rock from loose sediment is called lithification. Texture: the size, shape, and arrangement of the individual grains that make up the rock, hand samples, texture can be used to separate sedimentary rocks into three general categories, clastic, chemical, or bioclastic. A sedimentary rock composed of fragments of rocks, minerals, or broken fossil shells has a clastic texture. Coarse: particles larger than 2mm (gravel), pebbles, cobbles, and boulders. Sorting: refers to the uniformity or lack of uniformity of particle sizes in a clastic sedimentary rock. Facies and associations of beds: tectonic setting and sedimentary rocks, tectonic settings, cratonic or orogenic. Cratonic: the first main rock before it breaks apart into many different formations.
