PSYC 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Connectionism, Semantic Network, Working Memory
Psych notes 10/13/2016
Memory pt. 2
● Parallel distributed processing model
○ Built on artificial intelligence
○ Connections of timing and memory processes--simultaneous processing of info
across multiple neural networks
● LTM organization
○ Organized in terms of related meanings and concepts
● Semantic network model: assumes info is stored in a connected fashion w concepts that
are related stored physically closer to each other
○ Concepts less related have more distance bw them
● Levels of processing model
○ Depth that info is processed and how depth in which we learn something impacts
the strength of parallel connections within memory systems
○ Strength and duration of memory increases as the level of processing deepens
○ Concerned w practical nature
● Elaborative rehearsal
○ Method of transferring info from STM into LTM by making that info as meaningful
as possible
○ Making connections, not just repeating info
○ Shallow processing- structural encoding, intermediate processing- phonemic
encoding, and deep processing- semantic encoding?
How to improve memory
● Mnemonics
○ “The art or practice of improving or of aiding the memory”
○ Characteristics:
■ Effortful
■ Involve elaboration
■ Provides multiple routes to retrieval
○ MOVA your memory
■ M- Meaningfulness (schema-building)
■ O- Organization (chunking, hierarchy)
■ V- Visualization (imagery)
■ A- Attention (effort)
○ Meaningfulness: while reading, ask yourself what you already know
■ Make connections in your life
■ Personal examples of flashbulb memories
■ Episodic memories
○ Organization
■ Chunking info together
■ Working memory has capacity (7+/-2)
■ LTM capacity is unlimited
○ Imagery
■ Effective strategy in remembering names
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Connections of timing and memory processes--simultaneous processing of info across multiple neural networks. Organized in terms of related meanings and concepts. Semantic network model: assumes info is stored in a connected fashion w concepts that are related stored physically closer to each other. Concepts less related have more distance bw them. Depth that info is processed and how depth in which we learn something impacts the strength of parallel connections within memory systems. Strength and duration of memory increases as the level of processing deepens. Method of transferring info from stm into ltm by making that info as meaningful as possible. The art or practice of improving or of aiding the memory . Meaningfulness: while reading, ask yourself what you already know. Massed practice: studying a complete body of info all at once. We cannot remember what we did not encode. Would only last 20s = stm duration.
