HIST 228 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Fallopian Tube, Thomas Kuhn, Paradigm Shift
Document Summary
The scientific revolution transformed european society- new idea of the universe. Thesis- we can know how the universe works through experience and rationality. Argument- natural philosophy-- medieval philosophers laid the groundwork and these people tweaked the or even supported old feeling fix vs discovery we didt have modern science until 1800. Astronomy: copernicus- mathematical hypothesis about heliocentric universe, galileo- tests coper(cid:374)i(cid:272)us"s hypothesis a(cid:374)d pro(cid:448)ides e(cid:448)ide(cid:374)(cid:272)e that it is true. Scientific methods: francis bacon- empirical (sensory) observation of phenomena, use reason to propose a hypothesis, test the hypothesis through inquiry. Isaac newton- my propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction. Two ways to do scientific theory inductive- small to large specifics to general. Voltaire criticized many of the ills oppression france (cid:449)as (cid:448)ery (cid:272)riti(cid:272)al of fra(cid:374)(cid:272)e"s go(cid:448)er(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t. But believed in basic good nature of humans- possibility of progress and society can be better. Popularized science made newtons theories accessible.
