GLG 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Krakatoa, Subduction, Submarine Landslide
Document Summary
Elastic rebound theory (reid, 1906: two sides of fault at rest; undeformed but with linear feature (fence) crossing them, strain accumulates as the two sides of the fault move. Ultimately this results on a stress on the fault that exceeds friction: earthquake occurs, but since material is elastic, the two sides rebound to their initial undeformed shape but now the fence is offset. Focal mechanisms represent the geometry of faulting. Sleep and fujita (1997: as the energy travels through the earth, the ground motion will be up or towards you in two quadrants, and down or away from you, in the other two. Up and down in the above figure represent ground motion away from or towards the earthquake or towards or away from the observer. Ups and downs are separated into four quadrants by the auxiliary plane and the fault plane (these are called nodal planes because there is no p- wave energy released along them, see below).
