MMG 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Plaque-Forming Unit, Enterobacteria Phage T4, Titer

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amberfish679

4 Apr 2017

School

MSU

Department

Microbio & Molecular Genetics

Course

MMG 301

Professor

Scott Mulrooney

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Document Summary

Lecture 20: describe the different structures adopted by viruses. Filamentous- spiral of proteins on virus rna. Icosahedral- 20 faces: describe the major molecular and structural components of viruses. Capsid (protein coat surrounding nucleic acid) and the nucleic acid: explain why viruses are obligate parasites. Exist in two states: extracellular (nucleic acid surrounded by proteins; inert outside the cell) and intracellular (the virus genome is introduced into the host cell and replicates itself: describe the origin and composition of virus envelopes. Envelope originates from the host cell budding and made up of proteins: describe the function of the viral envelop proteins. Recognition of and attachment to specific host cells. Viral release from infected host cells: describe what bacteriophages are. Viruses that eat bacteria: describe what the genomes of viruses are made of. Same region of dna encodes 2 or 3 proteins using different reading frames: explain how viruses can have very small genomes.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1: The rabies virus primarily affects the nervous system. The specificity that the rabies virus has for neuronal host cells is primarily dictated by __________________________.

A. the helical shape of its viral capsid

B. the type of nucleic acid used for its viral genome (single-stranded, antisense RNA)

C. the spikes that protrude from its viral envelope

D. the segmented nature of its viral genome

QUESTION 2: Which of the following genome types has been observed in viruses? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. Single-stranded RNA

B. Single-stranded DNA

C. Double-stranded RNA

D. Protein-based

QUESTION 3: Choose the correct statement about viral evolution.

A. RNA and DNA viral genomes evolve at equal rates.

B. Cellular genomes mutate at a faster rate than viral genomes due to their large size and increased chance of replicative mistakes.

C. DNA viruses mutate faster than RNA viruses because thymine is more susceptible to mutation than uracil.

D. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses due to a lack of proofreading replicative enzymes.

QUESTION 4: Your elderly patient is affected by shingles. After careful observation, you note that the virus responsible for the infection has an icosahedral capsid, is enveloped, and has double-stranded linear DNA as its genetic material. Based on this information, in which of the following viral families would you group this viral pathogen?

QUESTION 5: Which of the following is a key difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication cycles?

A. Lysogenic bacteriophages release via host cell lysis, whereas lytic bacteriophages bud off from the host cell membrane.

B. The lytic replication cycle ends with host cell lysis and release of newly formed bacteriophage particles, whereas lysogenic replication leads to prophage formation.

C. Lytic replication requires an uncoating step, whereas in lysogenic replication, the bacteriophage's nucleic acid is directly injected into the host cell.

D. Whereas lytic replication enables the infection of several hosts, lysogenic replication only allows for infection of a single host cell.

QUESTION 6: Which of the following is an unsuitable culture method for an animal virus?

A. Direct inoculation of virus onto blood agar

B. Live animal inoculation

C. Tissue culture method

D. Injection of virus into embryonated eggs

MMG 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Plaque-Forming Unit, Enterobacteria Phage T4, Titer

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