NEU 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Protein Kinase C, Adenylyl Cyclase, Diglyceride
Document Summary
Ca2+ binds to a large number of proteins (calmodulin) Ca2+ termination: buffering proteins, ca2+ pump and na/ca2+ exchanger. Fura 2: fluorescent dye that detect changes in conc. and timing of ca2+, gcamp- Activates adenylyl cyclase (ac) converts atp to camp. Camp conc. increases, activates kinases (camp-dependent kinase, pka) Pka and pkg can phosphorylate many target proteins. Converts membrane lipid pip2 into dag and ip3. Dag activates protein kinase c (pkc), phosphorylates target proteins. Ip3 diffuses and binds ip3 r on er to release ca2+ Ca2+ can then act as another second messenger. Signal terminated by enzymes protein kinases and phosphatases. Phosphorylation occurs at specific residue consensus sequence: pka, xrrxsx. Serine/threonine vs. tyrosine kinases camp-dependent protein kinase (pka) Activated by gpcr-gs: camp binds to regulatory subunits, releases catalytic. ~only adds phos gp to specific proteins and sequences. Short- and long-term effects (ion channels vs nuclear) Calcium and calmodulin, bind regulatory domain, conformational change.
