CHEM 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Fractional Distillation, Anticoagulant, Atorvastatin
Document Summary
Matter: anything that has a mass and occupies a space (volume: 3 states: solid, liquid, gas, matter undergoes changes- physical or chemical. Physical change- a transformation of matter that occurs without any changes in chemical composition (reversible, identity remains the same) Chemical change (reaction)- a process that produces substances with new chemical composition (a new substance is formed; irreversible) Formation of a precipitate: precipitate: a solid formed by mixing two clear solutions. Energy: fossil fuel (petroleum, coal, natural gas) Initially purification of crude oil (fractional distillation physical change) (cid:858)cra(cid:272)ki(cid:374)g(cid:859) of (cid:272)rude oil /\/\/\/ --heat--> /\ + // + /\/ (chemical change: methane (natural gas, combustion. Consumer chemicals (household: cleaning- soap, detergents (surfactants, fat + lye soap, surfactants- accumulate at liquid surface and change surface properties. Clothing and polymers: large molecules formed by repeated combination of small molecules. Food: all food are chemicals, essential to life: Pro(cid:448)ide e(cid:374)erg(cid:455) a(cid:374)d (cid:373)aterials that for(cid:373) (cid:862)(cid:271)odies(cid:863) Need large amounts: carbohydrates, proteins, oils and fats.
