BIO_SC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Chemical Polarity, Surface Tension, Covalent Bond
Document Summary
Chemical bond: atoms held together close by attractions. Ionic bonds: when an atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes charged either or + and becomes an ion. When two ions of opposite charges ae close to each other, attractions between opposite charges forms an ionic bond. Covalent bonds: when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to fill their outermost shell. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds. If there is a c h bond, it is organic. If there is not a c h bond, it"s inorganic. The strength of pull that an atom has is determined by its electronegativity. If two atoms have about the same electronegativity, the atoms share the electrons equally. If two atoms have different electronegativity = unequal sharing. When distribution of charge is unequal, it becomes a polar molecule. Hydrogen bonds: weak bonds formed between a h with positive (slight) charge, and another molecule"s atom with a slightly negative charge.