BIOM-360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Lyme Disease, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Type Iii Hypersensitivity
2 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Mycobacterium Avium Complex
Consists of Mycobacterium avium
& Mycobacterium intracellulare
.
MAC now the most common NTM (nontuberculous mycobacteria) in the US.
Post-Streptococcal Diseases
Glomerulonephritis (Bright’s disease) and rheumatic fever.
1-4 weeks after an acute streptococcal infection.
Nonsuppurative (non pus-producing)
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammatory disease of renal glomeruli.
Type III hypersensitivity.
Can lead to kidney tissue necrosis.
Clinical Manifestations
Edema, fever, hypertension, and hematuria.
May spontaneously hel or may become chronic.
TPC
Antibiotic therapy (to kill residual bac), otherwise no specific therapy.
Rheumatic Fever
Autoimmune disease involving heart valves, joints, subcutaneous tissue, and the CNS.
Diagnosis difficult due to wide variety of symptoms and locations.
Arthropods
3 ways harm is inflicted:
Indirectly harm--transmit...not produce
Flies, ticks, mice…
Some are true parasites
Some inflict direct harm via bites, stings, or other activities.
Can inflict harm mechanically.
Arthropods can
carry more than one infectious agent.
Arthropod-borne infections are relatively rare.
Example” Lyme disease
Lyme Disease (LD)
Most common tick-borne disease in the U.S.
Lyme borreliosis.
Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi
(most common in U.S.), B. garinii,
and B. afzelii
(most common in Europe
and Asia).
Spirochetes (pronounced spiro-keets).
Transmitted from animal reservoirs by ticks.
2 major tick families: hard and soft ticks.
Soft ticks digest faster than hard ticks.
Hard ticks may need 7-9 days.
Stages of Lyme Disease:
Localized stage
1 wk - 10 days after infection.
Document Summary
Mac now the most common ntm (nontuberculous mycobacteria) in the us. Antibiotic therapy (to kill residual bac), otherwise no specific therapy. Autoimmune disease involving heart valves, joints, subcutaneous tissue, and the cns. Diagnosis difficult due to wide variety of symptoms and locations. Some inflict direct harm via bites, stings, or other activities. Arthropods can carry more than one infectious agent. Caused by borrelia burgdorferi (most common in u. s. ), b. garinii, and b. afzelii (most common in europe and asia). 2 major tick families: hard and soft ticks. Can hang for several years if not treated. Demyelination of neurons, behavioral changes, symptoms may resemble alzheimer"s. Causative agent is yersinia pestis - gram negative bacilli. In body, multiply in blood and lymph nodes. Yops cells (to shut down defense: pestis is select agent. Diagnosis made in reference labs which use direct microscopic examination, culture, and serological tests, and pcr. Transmitted by contamination of injured tissue from soil or bowel microblasts.
