ANT 351 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Querecho Indians, Metate, Piman Languages
The People: Native Cultures of the Southwest
-In many cases, we can trace prehistoric cultures directly through time to modern Native
American tribes and nations
oNot always the case
-Known Groups:
Modern Group Affiliated Archaeological Groups
Navajo Dine (Early Navajo)
Hopi Ancestral Puebloan, Mogollon, and Sinagua, with
ties to Salado and Hohokam
Zuni Ancestral Puebloan and Mogollon, with ties to
Sinagua, Salado, and Hohokam
Acoma/Laguna Ancestral Puebloan and Mogollon
Rio Grande Pueblos Ancestral Puebloan, especially Chaco Canyon
Upland Yumans (Havasupai,
Hualapai, Yavapai)
Sinagua and Cerbat, with ties to Ancestral
Puebloan
Pima Hohokam and Salado
Tohono O’odham Hohokam and Salado
Western Apache Indeh (or "Ndee"; early Apache)
- important because of the exceptional importance that the prehistoric past has for living
Native Americans
oMany archaeological sites are sacred places to Native peoples, and they testify to
struggles, hopes, and achievements of their ancestors
oResting places of their ancestors
- the spiritual significance of archaeological places to Native peoples could never be
emphasized enough
Language Families
- In some cases, it appears that individual language families have evolved separately from
other families for > 12,000 years
-Glottochronology is used to estimate the time depth of languages.
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-Southwest language Families
oUto-Aztecan
oKiowa-Tanoan
oSouthern Athabaskan
oYuman
oKeresan
oZuni
oSeri
-Uto-Aztecan
oenormous geographic distribution, stretching from Idaho to Central Mexico
oindividual languages have been separated from one another for about 5,000
years.
oSpeakers
Hopi
-Kiowa-Tanoan
o people who live in some of the Rio Grande Pueblos in New Mexico
oseparated by only 2,000 or at most 3,000 years
oSpeakers
Taos
Picuris
Sandia
Isleta
Santa Clara
San Juan
San Ildefonso
Tesuque
Nambe
Pojoaque
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
In many cases, we can trace prehistoric cultures directly through time to modern native. American tribes and nations: not always the case. Ancestral puebloan, mogollon, and sinagua, with ties to salado and hohokam. Indeh (or ndee; early apache) important because of the exceptional importance that the prehistoric past has for living. In some cases, it appears that individual language families have evolved separately from other families for > 12,000 years. Glottochronology is used to estimate the time depth of languages. Southwest language families: uto-aztecan, kiowa-tanoan, southern athabaskan, yuman, keresan, zuni, seri. Uto-aztecan: enormous geographic distribution, stretching from idaho to central mexico, individual languages have been separated from one another for about 5,000 years, speakers. Kiowa-tanoan: people who live in some of the rio grande pueblos in new mexico, separated by only 2,000 or at most 3,000 years, speakers. Pojoaque: 3 branches /groups of closely related languages, tiwa. Santa clara, san juan, san idelfonso, nambe, tesuque, and pojoaque.
