BIO 181 Lecture 15: Nutrition & Digestion
10 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
Nutrition & digestion: beneficial bacteria in the human digestive tract, escherichia coli, acidophilus spp. , and other bacteria, produce methane (ch4), hydrogen sulfide (h2s), and other gases as they ferment their food, secrete beneficial chemicals such as vitamin k, biotin (a b vitamin), and some amino acids, and are our main source of some of these nutrients. Salivary glands that secrete salivary fluids for initial carbohydrate digestion: parotid gland: secretes salivary amylase to start carbohydrate digestion, sublingual gland: secretes mucin as a lubricant/protection for the mouth, submandibular gland: secretes both salivary amylase & mucin. Two components of digestion: mechanical: elements associated with physical breakdown. Maceration: grinding: chemical: enzymes acting on the food. Xerostoma: dry mouth; can be caused by drugs or an autoimmune disorder: eating and swallowing become very difficult; also makes you more prone to cavities. The tongue shapes the bolus; helps swallowing: bolus: predigested ball of food.
