ES 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Bycatch, Overexploitation, Winged Bean

• School: NCSU
• Department: Environmental Science
• Course: ES 100
• Professor: Stephanie Jeffries

Document Summary

Issues: chronic undernourishment less than 2200 kcal/day, food security - ability to obtain sufficient food on a daily basis, famine large-scale food shortages, massive starvation, social disruption, economic chaos. Causes: poverty, natural disasters, politics, economics, war and armed conflicts. Malnourishment - nutritional imbalance caused by a lack of specific dietary components or an inability to absorb or utilize essential nutrients. Iron deficiency (anemia) - most common dietary imbalance in the world. Iodine deficiency leads to goiter as well as stunted growth and reduced mental capacity. Lack of vitamin a up to 140 million children and 350,000 go blind each year. Protein deficiency diseases: kwashiorkor (protein only) and marasmus (all nutrients) Worldwide, three crops deliver the majority of the needed nutrients to humanity: wheat, rice and corn. In addition, potatoes, barley, oats and rye are staples in cool, moist climates. Cassava, sweet potatoes, and other roots and tubers are staples in warm, wet climates.