BIOS10115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Digestive Enzyme, Antimetabolite, Aureus
16 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Drugs, any chemical substance used in medical practice: antimicrobial agents. Used to treat diseases caused by microbe: antibiotic. Chemical substance made by microorganisms to kill or inhibit. History of antibiotics bacteria only: 3000 years ago- ancient egyptians, etc. used molds to treat wounds and rashes, late 1800s. Pasteur saw that some germs killed other germs (cid:498)pyocyanase(cid:499) used with sporadic effectiveness: 1908- ehrlich used salyarsan to treat syphilis often killed patient, 1928- fleming discovers penicillin, 1930s- sulfonamides (sulfa drugs, 1942- penicillin available to soldiers. Resistance discovered soon after: generally find microbes for antibiotics in soil. Spectrum of activity (of antibiotics: broad spectrum. Very specific, better choice if organism is known. Modes of action/sites of activity: what part of bacteria is it targeting, inhibition of: Anti- metabolites: growth factor analogs or mimics, feeding bacteria a chemical that looks like something they need doesn"t work, bacteria dies, ex. sulfanilamide (sulfa drug) mimics paba which bacteria needs to make folic acid.
