BIOS 10161 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Prostaglandin, Ubiquitin, Thermal Insulation
Document Summary
Protein kinase cascade: growth factor binds to receptor (epidermal growth factor receptor, egfr, phosphorylation occurs and activates ras, ras activates raf, mek is phosphorylated, mapk is phosphorylated, mapk enters the nucleus which initiates cellular responses. Intracellular receptor: signal (ex. cortisol) enters the cell, binds to a cellular receptor attached to a chaperone protein (inside the cell, conformational change occurs, chaperone protein goes away, receptor and signal enter the nucleus. Ca+: receptor binds, conformational change occurs, g alpha (with gtp bound to it) travels to adenylyl cyclase, adenylyl cyclase uses atp to activate cyclic amp, removes two phosphates from atp. Interferons: late response, adaptive i. ii. iii. iv. v. Scientists are trying to figure it out mrna inhibition by rnas: micrornas (mirna, protein interacts with a risc complex, base pairs with target mrna c. Four processes: determination, gene expression, differentiation, cell division, morphogenesis, cell movement, growth, apoptosis.
