CHEM 10171 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Ideal Solution, Reagent, Pennsylvania Railroad Class Gg1

• School: ND
• Department: Chemistry and Biochemistry
• Course: CHEM 10171
• Professor: Brown

Document Summary

Types of intermolecular forces: london dispersion forces, aka van der waals forces, aka instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces. If h is negative then it is enthalpically favorable. If s is negative then it is entropically unfavorable. If g is negative then it is spontaneous: can gauge favorability using keq, nh3+ch3cooh nh4 + If solute particles don"t interact with each other, we call this an ideal solution : good approximation if reasonably dilute, s0(number of microstates does change on dilution) Ideal solution: hdil=0 (solutes only see the solvent at beginning and end) In practice h"s usually much easier to measure keq than g(sis difficult to measure directly: by measuring keq at different temps, can get hand s. If a system at equilibrium is perturbed, the equilibrium shifts to oppose the perturbation: addition of a reagent. Initially have a solution with all species at . 5m concentrations. If we add . 5 m of one reactant to 1l of solution, q=. 5 with is less than.