BIOL 1107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Elastin, Centromere, Sister Chromatids
Document Summary
Name four essential elements of cell communication. Name the steps that occur when a signal binds to a receptor on a responding cell. Phosphatases: an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from another molecule. Describe one way in which endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, and contact- dependent signaling pathways are similar and ways in which they differ. Short distance to the nearest neighboring cell. Signaling molecule= transmembrane protein on 1st cell. Explain how cells respond to external signals, even when those signals can"t enter the cell. Explain how signals can target specific cells. Describe the 3 different types of cell-surface receptors and explain how they function to produce a cellular response. G protein releases gdp and binds to gtp. G protein dissociates into subunit and (cid:533)/(cid:534) dimer. Subunit activates membrane enzyme: adenylyl cyclase. Adenylyl cyclase uses atp to make camp, a signal molecule. Camp activates an intracellular kinase cascade (protein kinase a) Enzyme that adds a phosphate group to another molecule.