BIOL 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 41: Central Nervous System, Myelin, Axon Hillock

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greysea-lion108

18 Nov 2017

School

Northeastern University

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 1115

Professor

terrikanner

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Rhea khilnani sun dec 11 07:33:04 pst 2016. Brain and spinal cord perpheral nervous system all the nerves outside of the brain or spinal cord neurons. Send and receive electrical and chemical signals to effector cells effector cells. Extensions of cell body, single or branching receive incoming signals. Extension of cell body send signals to other cells typically single may have branches and may be wrapped in myelin. Axon terminals convey electrical or chemical signals to other cells typically occur in bundles called nerves. Sheath is interrupted by noninsulated nodes of ranvier. Send signals away from cns to elicit response efferent neurons. Stimulus from sensory neurons sent to cns (spinal cord); signal interpreted in spinal cord and transmitted to motor neurons to elicit response quick and automatic response. Electrical properties of neurons andthe resting membrane potential. The functions of the nervous system(cid:2018)sensation, integration, and response(cid:2018)depend on the functions of the neurons the basis for the communication.

Related Questions

Nerve cells that conduct messages are called (1) ____. (2) _____ cells, which support and nurture the activities of neurons, make up less than half the volume of the nervous system. (3) _______ neurons respond to specific kinds of environmental stimuli, (4) ______ connect different neurons in the spinal cord and brain, and (5) ______ neurons are linked with muscles or glands. All neurons have a (6) _______ ________ that contains the nucleus and the metabolic means to carry out protein synthesis. (7) _______ are short, slender extensions of the (6), and together these two neuronal parts are the neuronsâ âinput zoneâ for receiving (8) _____. The (9) _____ is a single long, cylindrical extension away form the (10) ______; in motor neurons, the (11) ______ has finely branched (12) ________ that terminate on muscle or gland cells and are âoutput zones,â where messages are sent on to other cells. A neuron at rest establishes unequal electric charges across its plasma membrane, and a(n) (13) ____ ____ is maintained. Another name for (13) is the (14) _____ _____ _____; it represents an ability for the membrane to be disturbed. Weak disturbances of the neuronal membrane might set off only slight changes across a small patch, but strong disturbances can cause a(n) (15) _______ ______, which is an abrupt, short-lived reversal in the polarity of charge across the plasma membrane of the neuron. For a fraction of a second, the cytoplasmic side of a bit of membrane becomes positive with respect to the outside. The (16) ______ that travels along the neural membrane is nothing more than short-lived changes in the membrane potential. A. Neurons H. Sensory B. Motor I. Endings C. Interneurons J. Disturbance D. Cell body K. Signals (stimuli) E. Axon L. Voltage differential F. Dendrites M. Resting membrane potential G. Neuroglial N. Action potential

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BIOL 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 41: Central Nervous System, Myelin, Axon Hillock

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