NURSE-UN 1255 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Spina Bifida, Latex Allergy, Patient Advocacy
29 Apr 2019
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Spina bifida: birth defect where the neural tube fails to close as a fetus. Spina bifida occulta: meningocele, meninomyelocele, pathophysiology, unknown causes. Lack of folic acid: signs and symptoms, neural tube abnormalities, dimpling near buttocks, abnormal patches of hair, hydrocephalus. Club foot: mal-alignment of feet, which resists being moved into proper alignment: pathophysiology: Some syndromes: signs and symptoms, appear abnormal, unable to return to proper alignment, assessment. Developmental dysplasia of the hip: subluxation or complete dislocation of hip: pathophysiology: Fetal positioning: girls > boys, physical appearance, asymmetry of thigh folds, asymmetry of femur length/unequal knee height. Trendelenburg gait: unequal hip height, tests, ortolani, barlow. Keeps legs abducated to keep trochanter in the acetabulum: no lotions/powder; monitor skin. Duchenne muscular dystrophy: progressive loss of function due to: pathophysiology, hereditary. Initially small functions, then becomes gross motor: around 3-years-old: loss of function previously attained, gower"s sign develops, wheelchair by teenage years, all muscles will be affected, including cardiac and respiratory.
