ANTHROP 3300 Lecture 8: Mid:Late Miocene Primate Evolution (10.04)
5 Oct 2016
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The miocene (23 5 mya: middle miocene: 17 10 mya. Hominoids in europe and asia: late miocene: 10 5 mya. Land connection between africa and eurasia: rift valley and highlands form. Double rain shadow = no rain in inter-rift zone: mountain building in himalayas. Kenyapithecus (east africa, 14 mya: terrestrial quadruped, robust mandible (hard foods, thick enamel; low-crowned molars. Then hominoid gap in africa: middle-late miocene (17 5 mya) = eurasian hominoid radiation. No: small canines no, just females, thick enamel and large molars homoplasy, now classified as sivapithecus. Sivapithecus (asia, 12 8 mya: similar looking to orangutan. Humerus = curved; unlike straight humerus of all apes, including gibbons. Right place and right time to be sister taxon to orangutans. Other eurasian hominoids: gigantopithecus (india 7 mya, china 0. 5 mya) Ate bamboo (thick enamel; cavities: dryopithecus (europe, 14 8 mya) Long fingers, long arms, scapula on back: ouranopithecus (greece, 10 7 mya)
