EARTHSC 1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Oceanic Crust, Appalachian Mountains, Terrane
15 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Anticline- a fold of layered rock in which the layers slope down from the central axis. Syncline- a fold of layered rock in which the layers slope upward from the central axis. Way-up indicator- an intrinsic feature in a rock layer which indicates the original orientation of the rock: fossils, bubbles, graded bedding, cross bedding. Terrane- a package of rock layers which are segregated from the surrounding rocks by faults and which have its own stratigraphic history. Allochthonous- terrane of foreign rock, not where its supposed to be. Ophiolite- ocean sea floor which has been thrust upon land and is stuck there. Valley and ridge topography: spans the appalachian mountains, characterized by anticlinal ridges and synclinal valleys, formed by compression of crust. Basin and range topography: spans much of southwestern us and mexico, characterized by high, narrow mountains bounded by the valleys, formed by extension of crust. Horst and graben- regions between normal faults which are elevated or.
