EARTHSC 1122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Ontogeny, Macroevolution, Microevolution
4 Dec 2015
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Evolution: what is evolution? anything, a change through time. Evolution: evidence and mechanism: evidence summarized by charles darwin in on the origin of species (1859): Know these 5: embryology, homologous structures, vestigial structures, breeding experiments fossil record, mechanism of evolution: natural selection. Embryology: similarity of embryos of vertebrate animals. Homologous structures: descendant structures derived from the same ancestral one, descendant structures often have different functions. Homologous vs. analogous structures: homologous structures are not the same as analogous structures, analogous structures have the same function but different evolutionary origins. Vestigial structures: small, useless structures that are in the process of disappearing, whales: loss of hind limbs with territorial-to-marine position. Breeding experiment: allow us to actauuly observe evolution through. Adaptation: macroevolution operates on populations, which are composed of individuals. How do changes arise and accumulate: genetics (gregor mendel), changes are passed on from parent to offspring through genetics, variation is introduced through genetic recombination and mutations (inexact replications in.
