BIOS 1030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lipid Bilayer, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum

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puceseal311

8 Jan 2018

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Cells need to maximize surface area to volume ratio: name and explain the 2 major events that are thought to have occurred in the endosymbiotic theory/endosymbiosis. In a phospholipid bilayer: the plasma membrane called selectively permeable. Dna: what are the functions of the following structures: rough endoplasmic reticulum (why is it called rough), golgi apparatus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton, lysosomes, ribosomes and the mitochondria. Rough er: makes proteins (called rough er b/c it contains ribosomes) Golgi apparatus: sots proteins and lipids, puts them in groups, then ships them within or outside of the cell. Cytoskeleton: assists in cell structure, moving things around the cell, and cell division. Ribosomes: reads rna into proteins, links amino acids together to make the protein. Endosymbiosis is supported because the mitochondria is evidence of engulfing (has small ribosomes and a single circular chromosome. Electron transport chain: name the beginning molecule that is usually used in glycolysis and what the final product is.

Related Questions

1 In our hierarchy of levels of organization (from atom to biosphere), at which level does life begin? Can you relate form to function when it comes to cell structure of a plant cell like Elodea? A thin simple squamous epithelium like in the lining of the lungs? A thicker columnar epithelial layer like that found in the stomach/intestine?

2. Can you remember the architecture of the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the cell membrane? How the 2 phospholipids arrange themselves to form the bilayer? And how you produce a water-proof (hydrophobic) barrier from the bilayer architecture?

3. What are the 3 roles of the plasma membrane? How does the barrier or âfenceâ role of the plasma membrane relate to non-polar vs. polar vs. charged molecules? How does the membrane control the amounts of certain molecules inside the cell? How does this relate to class rule #4? How do cells communicate with one another?

4. How does the plasma membrane help with this function? Which macromolecule is critical to this function? How does this all relate to red blood cells and âA/B/AB/Oâ blood type?

5. Can you explain how the phospholipid bilayer facilitates compartmentalization in a cell? What type of structures are compartmentalized? What is the value of compartmentalization in a cell?

raspberryraven266

Explain the cell theory; know the three basic tenets of the theory.

All cells have to carry out certain functions, what do all cells have in common?

Compare/contrast an Eukaryotic vs a Prokaryotic cell type.

Understand the concept of selective toxicity. What do all effective targets of an antimicrobial agent have in common? What are some characteristics of Prokaryotic cells that can be targeted?

Explain the unity and diversity of prokaryotic cells in terms of evolutionary theories.

Describe the three basic shapes (morphologies) of bacteria.

What are the functions of the plasma membrane, how does the structure of the plasma membrane aid in carrying out these functions?

Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. Draw out the plasma membrane, include the phospholipid bilayer (indicating polar/hydrophilic and nonpolar/hydrophobic components) and peripheral and integral proteins. Also indicate the intracellular (cytoplasmic) and extracellular regions.

What are the functions of the components of the plasma membrane? Phospholipids, proteins?

Transport. Compare/contrast the following mechanisms of transport in terms of the types of molecules transported, with or against the concentration gradient, if any Energy input is required, if a transport molecule is involved, and if Euk and or Prok use this mechanism.

Osmosis (explain the role of aquaporins)

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Active transport (proton motive force / ATP binding cassette system)

Group translocation

1. What are the structural and functional units of a living organism? 2. What is the role of the cell membrane? 3. What is the cell membrane made of? 4. What does phospholipid bi-layer mean? 5. What are some functions of membrane proteins? 6. What are the two major groups of cell membrane proteins? How are they different? 7. Describe diffusion. 8. What does selectively permeable mean? 9. Does diffusion require energy from the cell? 10. What might restrict the movement of a molecule across a cell membrane? 11. In the video what are channel proteins are compared to? 12. What does gated channel mean? 13. Explain osmosis. 14. Explain isotonic. 15. Explain hypotonic. 16. Explain lysis of a cell. 17. Explain hypertonic. 18. How is facilitated diffusion different than regular diffusion? 19. Define active transport. 20. What does the sodium / potassium pump do for the cell?

BIOS 1030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lipid Bilayer, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum

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